Science



**Science Fair Marking Term 2 2011** ☒ Not achieved ☑ Achieved ☑☑ Advanced

**Scientific Process and Background:** ☒☑☑ Clear aim/hypothesis carried through ☒☑☑ Method, accurate experimentation ☒☑☑ Accurate experimentation, controls, variables, repetitions ☒☑☑ Results clear, accurate, include appropriate data ☒☑☑ Conclusions are in line with aim/hypothesis ☒☑☑ Results are interpreted and discussed (conclusion)

**Technical Skill:** ☒☑☑ Design of the experiment ☒☑☑ Use of apparatus and materials

**Originality:** ☒☑☑ Imaginative/creative ideas ☒☑☑ New/Unusual application in science

**Presentation of Display:** ☒☑☑ Colour/form/clarity/graphics ☒☑☑ Innovative appeal

**Log Book:** ☒☑☑ Authentic ongoing record with raw data included ☒☑☑ Has supporting documentation, bibliography, acknowledgements

**Teacher Comment:**

**Student Comment:**

__Oil it up!__

__Introduction:__ I choose this subject to work on because I saw a documentary on lots of cooking oils and which ones can catch on fire easily in a frying pan or pot. Some oils on the documentary had so much saturated fat in them and with some of them, if you cook the oil too much it will steam and burn after a couple of minutes cooking. There were many things I could have tested but I decided to concentrate on the following two: 1.The thickest oil 2.Which oil starts cooking the fastest.

__Aim:__ To see which oil starts to cook the fastest and which oil is the thickest.

__Hypothesis:__ I think that olive oil will start to cook the fastest because it is probably the thinnest for cooking with. I also think that avocado oil will be the thinnest oil because avocado itself is quite squishy and soft.

__Equipment:__ 1. Cooker 2. Small Frying pan 4. Measuring Container 5. Courgette sliced in 1cm thick pieces 6. Pure Olive oil 7. Canola oil 8. Soyabean oil 9. Sunflower oil 10. Avocado oil 11. Wooden chopping board 12. Glass chopping board

__Method:__ 1. First of all you need lots of different cooking oils, a frying pan, a stopwatch and a cooker. 2. Then you pour your chosen oil into the frying pan and it's time to use the stopwatch. 3. Start the stopwatch as soon as you turn on the gas. When the oil starts to cook and it has started to sizzle stop the stopwatch. 4. Then look at your time and compare it to the others once you have tested all of your oils. 5. Now you have to test which oil is the thickest. First get a measuring container, and a stopwatch to see how long it takes for the oil to pour down the glass slope (a 15 degree slope) then repeat with the other oils.

Results: (5 mls of oil pour test down a 15 degree slope.)

Looking at the averages, sunflower oil was the fastest to run down the slope therefore must be the thinnest, followed by Soyabean oil, Canola oil, Avocado oil then Pure Olive oil.
 * **Pure olive oil** || **Avocado oil** || **Sunflower oil** || **Soyabean oil** || **Canola oil** ||
 * 28.64 sec || 29.20 sec || 18.73 sec || 19.88 sec || 18.54 sec ||
 * 22.62 sec || 22.30 sec || 16.47 sec || 17.82 sec || 22.28 sec ||
 * 21.44 sec || 23.91 sec || 19.47 sec || 15.23 sec || 20.47 sec ||
 * 26.18 sec || 22.72 sec || 18.93 sec || 20.25 sec || 22.42 sec ||
 * 27.54 sec || 24.43 sec || 21.62 sec || 22.24 sec || 25.66 sec ||
 * Averages ||  ||   ||   ||   ||
 * 25.28 sec || 24.51 sec || 19.04 sec || 19.08 sec || 21.87 sec ||

Results: (15 mls of oil cooking test with cut courgette just until it sizzled.)

Canola oil was the fastest to start to properly sizzle, followed by Soyabean oil, Sunflower oil, Pure Olive oil, then Avocado oil.
 * **Pure olive oil** || **Avocado oil** || **Sunflower oil** || **Soyabean oil** || **Canola oil** ||
 * 1 min 14.07 sec || 1 min 9.10 sec || 1 min 07.28 sec || 1 min 06.75 sec || 59.82 sec ||
 * 1 min 02.39 sec || 1 min 10.73 sec || 1 min 00.98 sec || 1 min 01.71 sec || 59.71 sec ||
 * 1 min 09.18 sec || 1 min 08.64 sec || 1 min 03.42 sec || 59.04 sec || 1 min 03.58 ||
 * 1 min 07.60 sec || 1 min 06.44 sec || 1 min 02.52 sec || 59.41 sec || 58.26 sec ||
 * 1 min 08.70 sec || 1 min 11.62 sec || 1 min 00.19 sec || 59.54 sec || 1 min 01.60 sec ||
 * Averages ||  ||   ||   ||   ||
 * 1 min 8.39 sec || 1 min 9.31 sec || 1 min 2.88 sec || 1 min 1.29 sec || 1 min 0.6 sec ||

What I have learned:

I have learned that Pure Olive oil is the thickest out of Avocado oil, Sunflower oil, Soyabean oil and Canola oil, and that Sunflower oil is the thinnest. Out of the oils I tested, the oil that started cooking the quickest was Canola oil and slowest was Avocado oil.

My hypothesis was wrong. I thought that Pure Olive oil would burn the fastest however I found out that Canola oil cooks the fastest, and Avocado oil was the slowest to get to a proper sizzle. I also said that Avocado oil would be the thinnest but the experiment proved that Sunflower oil is the thinnest and Pure Olive oil was the thickest. I think that I could do my experiments again for more accurate results with proper lab equipment e.g. a cooker that cooks at a consistent speed and a specially created 15 degree slope to run the oil down. The oils that were thicker, Avocado oil and Pure Olive oil were slower to run down the slope and were also slower to get to a sizzle. The thinner oils, Sunflower, Soyabean and Canola were the fastest to run down the slope and were also the fastest to start cooking. All these oils would thicken up a bit if they were kept at a cold temperature but I had mine at room temperature. At colder temperatures I am sure they would all have been slower at the slope experiment and also they would have been slower to get to the right temperature in the pan.

__**Information I found out doing research on the different oils I used.**__

When the oil is made, 43% of the seed is oil and the bit left over goes to animal food. It is a healthy oil for using in cooking as it is low in saturated fat and has good fats called omega 3 fatty acids in it. The name it goes by now is Canola oil which comes from it being a “__Can__adian __o__il, __l__ow in __a__cid”.
 * Canola oil** is another name for Rapeseed oil. The seeds have been used for years as a feed for animals. It was also used in Asia and Europe hundreds of years ago in lamps. That is how old it is! Then it got used as a cooking oil, and also in engines to help them work properly as it made the moving bits slippier. I found out the honeybees love the rapeseed plant flowers, and we need to look after our honeybees because they help things grow by pollenating them. Rapeseed oil is also being looked at as a possible alternative to fossil fuels making it good for the environment.


 * Avocado oil** is pressed from the flesh of the fruit, not the seed inside. It is used in cooking, mostly as an ingredient, but also has other uses because of it’s rich, creamy feeling from the good fats it has in it, so is used in skincare products and can be used mashed up as a mask on your face to make it feel softer.

vitamin E. It is low in saturated fats which are bad for our hearts and can be used at very high temperatures for cooking.
 * Sunflower oil** comes from pressing the sunflower seeds and getting out the oil. It is used in cooking and is also used in skincare products because it is high in


 * Pure Olive Oil** is really, really old. Even the Egyptian are know to have used it. It comes from pressing olives which are the fruit of the olive tree and is very well used in Italy. It is very popular and used in lots of different ways, from cooking in it, as an ingredient, in soaps, medications, and skincare products such as creams and body oils. It could be the oil that is the favourite for most people as it seems to be in most of the recipes I watch chefs making on televison. It comes in different strengths too. It is full of healthy fats and is very good for you.


 * Soyabean Oil** comes from the oils taken from the soya beans. It is used a lot in Asian cooking and is higher in protein than the other oils. It also has the good Omega 3 fatty acids in it and is mostly used only in cooking.

__graphs__





16/5/2011

__Fingerprinting Results__

Left hand:


 * Little - Central pocket loop
 * Ring - Radial loop
 * Middle - Tented arch
 * Index - Radial loop
 * Thumb - Radial loop

Right hand:


 * Little - Ulnar loop
 * Ring - Ulnar loop
 * Middle - Ulnar loop
 * Index - Ulnar loop
 * Thumb - Central pocket loop

11/5/2011

__**Kitchen mayhem**__

__**Aim:**__ to find which substance was which by seeing which frizzed, which one changed colour and which did nothing.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">__**Hypothesis:**__ <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">A. baking soda <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">B. salt <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">C. cornflour <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">D. icing sugar <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">E. cream of tartar

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">__**Equipment:**__ <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;"> 1.Vinegar <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;"> 2.Linton <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;"> 3.Beaker <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;"> 4.Iodine <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;"> 5.Spoon <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;"> 6.Substances

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">__**Results:**__
 * 1) cornflour
 * 2) <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px;">salt
 * 3) <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px;">baking soda
 * 4) <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px;">icing sugar
 * 5) <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px;">cream of tartar

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">__**substances & predictions:**__

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">A. We thought that cornflour was A because it changed colour white to black with a few drops of iodine. <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">B. We predicted that salt was B because it did nothing. <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">C. We thought that baking soda was C because it frizzed. <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">D. We saw that it was icing sugar because it went all sticky. E. We new that E was cream of tartar because it was the last one anyway.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">__**Method:**__
 * 1) <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px;">You have to get container A and scoop a tea spoon of the sample.
 * 2) <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px;"> Then put it in the beaker with a little bit of water in it and then put a few drops in of iodine and see if it goes blackish or purplish.
 * 3) And then just repeat with all the other samples that you have.

__**Reflection:**__ Today I learn't that if you mix cornflour and a few drops iodine it makes the cornflour blackish and purplish and I learn't a lot more with doing some science experiments.

I chose a green light because I found it quite fun and a little easier than the last experiment

<span style="color: #0000ff; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">__Chromatography__

<span style="color: #ff0000; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">LI: I am learning the process of the Chromatography and use this to assist with <span style="color: #ff0000; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">solving the crime.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Aim: To use Chromatography to distinguish which pen was used in the ransom note.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Hypothesis: I thought that the felt pen would be the pen <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">that was used for the ransom note because the felt pen was the same colour as the writing <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;"> on the ransom note.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Equipment: Beaker, ransom note, filter paper, hand lens, masking tape, straw.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">A: Sharpie <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">B: Felt pen <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">C: Pen <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">D: Bic felt pen

10/05/11

__<span style="font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 27px; margin: 0px;">**Chromatography experiment.** __

<span style="font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 27px; margin: 0px;">**Lesson One - Paper Chromatography**

<span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Chromatography is a technique used for seperating mixtures. In all of the variations of Chromatography, a substance is placed onto or into a medium and then a solvent passes through the test substance, some of the test substance may be attracted to the solven and follow it up in the medium. Different types of molecules are transported different distances, causing them to seperate. In these activities, filter paper is the medium, solvent is the solvent and black ink is the test substance. Chromatography is used in crime labs to seperate the components of 'clue' substances such as blood, ink or other mixtures found at the scene of a crime. Chromatograms of these clue substances are then compared with those of the suspected sources.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**Chromatography Today's date: Tuesday 10th May 2011**

<span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**L.I** I am learning the process of the chromatography and use this <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">to assist with solving the crime.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**Aim:** To use chromatography to distinguish which pen was used in the ransom note.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**Hypothesis:** I think that ......................because..............

<span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**Equipment** - Beaker, felt pens, ransom note, filter paper, water, hand lens, masking tape and straws.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**Method:**

<span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">1. Gather samples of pens. <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">2. Draw a line across a strip of filter paper, 1-4cm from the bottom. <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">3. Attach to straw with masking tape. <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">4. Put filter paper in beaker, making sure the ink is at least 1-2cm above <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">the water. <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">5. Observe. <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">6. Remove filter when water has travelled about 3/4 of the way up the strip. <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">7. Compare results with the ransom note results.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**Results:** A- sharpie did nothing, B- felt pen made many different colours green, blue and purple, C- blue pen did nothing, D- bic felt pen whent black and runnie.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**Conclusion:** We found that the writing that was writen <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">on the ransom note was done in green felt pen, not sharpie or any other pen.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">The ___ pen wrote the ransom note because__



=<span style="font-size: 1.4em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;"> __ Science Fair __ =

Please have a close read of the following site that Mr Marsh has put together. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; padding-right: 10px;">@http://ourspace.tauranga-int.school.nz/course/view.php?id=64

[|ScienceFairBooklet.pdf]
 * [[image:http://c1.wikicdn.com/i/mime/32/application/pdf.png height="32" caption="external image pdf.png" link="http://rimuroom42.wikispaces.com/file/view/ScienceFairBooklet.pdf"]] ||
 * external image pdf.png ||

Useful Science sites for ideas: <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; font-size: 18px; padding-right: 10px;">@http://www.sciencebuddies.org/ <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; font-size: 17px; line-height: 27px; padding-right: 10px;">@http://www.all-science-fair-projects.com/

Cool Science Sites <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; font-size: 18px; padding-right: 10px;">@http://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/

====<span style="font-size: 1.066em; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 1.066em; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; font-size: 18px; padding-right: 10px;">Please Note:  ==== ====<span style="font-size: 1.066em; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 1.066em; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; font-size: 18px; padding-right: 10px;">This table is different from the one outlined in the above Science Fair booklet. There will be__**no extensions**__ given, Class time will be given for writing up aim, hypothesis, instructions, explanations, diagrams, tables etc and putting displays together. Parents please support your child with carrying out their experiments as this will be the main element of their homework during Science Fair. ====

=**__Science Project__**= =**__Topic:__**= =Which oil is the runniest and which oil burns the fastest.= =**__Aim:__**= =To see which oil burns the fastest and which oil is the runniest.= =I choose this experiment because then if I have tested them= =I will know which oil to use for cooking with.=
 * ||  || <span style="display: block; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: center;">**Order of Events** ||   || <span style="display: block; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: center;">**Timeline** ||
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">1 ||  || <span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Choose a topic including is it a //Science or Technology// display ||   || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Week 1 ||
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">2 ||  || <span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Completed Aim and Hypothesis (science) or Question (technology) ||   || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Week 2 ||

=**__Hypothesis:__**= =I think that olive oil will burn the fastest= =because it is probably the thinest for cooking with.= =I think that avocado oil will be the runniest oil because= =avocado it's self is quite smooth and soft.=

=**__Equipment:__**= =1. Different oils= =2. Cooker= =3. Frying pan= =4. Container= =5. Food= =6. Olive oil= =7. Canola oil= =8. Soyabean oil= =9. Sunflower oil= =10. Avocado oil= = = =**__Method:__**= =1. First of all you need lots of cooking oils, a frying pan, a stopwatch and a cooker.= = = =2. Then you pour your oil (one at a time) into the frying pan, now it's time to use the stopwatch.= = = =3. Start the stopwatch when the oil starts to cook then when it has cooked something stop the stopwatch.= = = =4. Then look at your time then compare it to the others when you've done all of your oils. Now you have to test= =which oil is the runniest, first get a container which is small then pour the oil into the container then pour= =it into the sink and repeat with the other oils aswell.=

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;"><span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Webdings; letter-spacing: 0px;"> //What do you need?// <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;"> <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Webdings; letter-spacing: 0px;"> //Who do you use?How many?// <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;"> <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Webdings; letter-spacing: 0px;"> //What help do you require?// <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;"> <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Webdings; letter-spacing: 0px;"> //How will you measure and collect data?// <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;"> <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Webdings; letter-spacing: 0px;"> //How many trials/experiments/prototypes will// //you complete?// <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;"> <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Webdings; letter-spacing: 0px;"> //How will you present data? Numbers are good!// <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;"> <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Webdings; letter-spacing: 0px;"> //Do you need to complete a Animal Ethics form?// ||   || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Week 2 ||
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">3 ||  || <span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Planned how you are going to complete experiments (science) or investigation of needs assessment and prototype design (technology)


 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">4 ||  || <span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Start experiments (science) or needs assessment (technology) ||   || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Week 3 ||


 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">5 ||  || <span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Needs assessment (technology) completed ||   || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Week 3/4 ||


 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">6 ||  || <span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Experiments (science) and prototype testing (technology) completed ||   || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Week 3/4 ||


 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">7 ||  || <span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">First draft completed ||   || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Week 4/5 ||


 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">8 ||  || <span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">All written work, diagrams, tables, graphs, photos, and other graphics completed and checked by the class teacher**BEFORE** it is attached to the display ||   || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Week 5 ||


 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">9 ||  || <span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**Completed display ready to be marked by teacher** ||   || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Monday Week 6 ||

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">1: Aim(or question): All experiments always start with a question and the whole aim of the experiment is to find an answer to this question.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Aim: What metal conducts heat fastest:-steel, aluminum, copper or brass?

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">__Hypothesis: (prediction):__ <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">I think that __steel__ will be the fastest conductor of heat because it is small, thin and easy to squish. I think that __aluminum__ will be the slowest conductor of heat because it is thicker than the rest it.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Method: <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Variables:
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">controlled Variables: (The size of the wax the heat and the metal).
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Manipulated variables

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Materials: <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Detailed, step - by - step description of how you conducted your experiment.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**Method:** <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**Procedure:** <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**1. We put small pieces of wax in the hollows on the ends of 4 strips of different metals that were fixed on a round wooden frame.** <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**2. We heated the metal strips.** <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">4. **We recorded the times in a table.** <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**Results:** <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**The wax melted in the following order:**
 * 1) <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px;">**We timed the melting of the wax.**

<span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**Our Group found that the wax melted in the following order:** <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**1st** __**_ 2nd**__ __**_ 3rd**__ **Last** <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**The class average:1st** __**_ 2nd**__ __**_ 3rd**__ **Last Title Hypothesis(was it correct)Summary** <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">**Conclusion:** <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**On Average the wax melted in the following order:** <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**1st** __**_ 2nd**__ __**_ 3rd**__ **Last _. We noticed that................happened.**
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Table 1: Time taken for wax to melt (seconds) ||
 * || <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Copper || <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Steel || <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Brass || <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Aluminum ||
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Our Group || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Copperplate; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">229.78 sec || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Copperplate; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">335.82 sec || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Copperplate; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">159.59 sec || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Copperplate; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">82.69 sec ||
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Group 2 || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">51 sec || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">503.34 sec || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">3:55.58 || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">1:24.38 ||
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Group 3 || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">1:05.60 || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">4:54.19 || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">53:53 m || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">37:10 ||
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Group 4 ||  ||   ||   ||   ||
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Group 5 ||  ||   ||   ||   ||
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Group 6 || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">2:21min || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">3:57min || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">36 sec || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">3:19 min ||
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Group 7 ||  ||   ||   ||   ||
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Group 8 ||  ||   ||   ||   ||
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Group 9 ||  ||   ||   ||   ||
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Group 10 ||  ||   ||   ||   ||
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Average ||  ||   ||   ||   ||

<span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**The wax melted fastest with the** __**because the molecules are easer to move than in the other metals and this is what makes the heat travel through the metal. This is called “heat conduction”. Where the molecules are more difficult to move, heat takes more time to move through it.**__

<span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**Conduction occurs when the molecules bump against each other and cause more movement. It is like pushing someone who trips and pushes another person in a crowd and the movement ripples outwards.**

<span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**We use copper metal in**__**_ because we want heat to**__ **_;** <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**we use steel in so that heat doesn’t_.** <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**Brass is used in taps because**__**. Aluminium is used in pots because**__**_. All of these metals do get hot after a while such as**__**_.**__

<span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**Plumbers/engineers/sheet metal workers use** __**because it is easy/hard to transfer heat. This is good/a problem because**__**_.**

<span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**Cooks prefer** __**because**__ **_, however they need to be careful that food may burn.**

<span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**A welder uses _ to braise metal because it is easy to melt but the welder is made of which gets hot but not too hot.**

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Results:Brass-2:39.59, Copper-3:39.78, Steel-5:35.82, Aluminum-1:22.69